Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat aortic valve stenosis, a condition in which the aortic valve becomes narrowed and restricts blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body. TAVR allows physicians to replace a diseased valve without open-heart surgery, making it an important option for many patients—especially those who may be at higher risk for traditional surgical valve replacement.
By restoring proper valve function, TAVR can significantly improve symptoms, increase energy levels, and enhance overall quality of life.
What Is Aortic Valve Stenosis?
The aortic valve controls blood flow from the heart’s left ventricle into the aorta, the main artery that delivers blood throughout the body. In aortic stenosis, the valve becomes stiff or narrowed—often due to calcium buildup—making it harder for the heart to pump blood effectively.
Common symptoms include:
Chest pain or pressure
Shortness of breath
Fatigue or decreased exercise tolerance
Dizziness or fainting
If left untreated, severe aortic stenosis can lead to serious complications, including heart failure.
What Is TAVR?
TAVR is a catheter-based procedure in which a new valve is delivered through a blood vessel and positioned inside the existing, diseased valve. The new valve takes over the function of regulating blood flow, allowing the heart to pump more efficiently.
Unlike traditional surgery, TAVR does not require opening the chest or stopping the heart.
Why Is TAVR Performed?
TAVR may be recommended for patients with severe aortic stenosis, particularly those who:
Are considered intermediate or high risk for open-heart surgery
Have symptoms affecting daily life
Have worsening valve function confirmed by imaging
May benefit from a less invasive treatment option
Advances in technology have expanded eligibility, and many patients are now candidates for TAVR based on individual evaluation.
How the Procedure Works
TAVR is typically performed in a hospital setting using a team-based approach that includes cardiologists and cardiac specialists. The procedure usually takes about 1 to 2 hours.
During the Procedure:
You will receive sedation or general anesthesia
A catheter is inserted—most commonly through an artery in the groin (transfemoral approach)
The catheter is guided to the heart and across the aortic valve
A replacement valve, mounted on a balloon or expandable frame, is positioned inside the existing valve
The new valve is expanded, pushing the old valve leaflets aside
The new valve begins functioning immediately
Imaging is used throughout the procedure to ensure precise placement.
What to Expect Before and After
Before the Procedure:
You will undergo imaging tests such as echocardiography and CT scans
Blood tests and a full medical evaluation will be completed
You may be asked to fast prior to the procedure
Your care team will review medications and provide instructions
After the Procedure:
Most patients stay in the hospital for one to a few days
You will be monitored closely for heart rhythm and recovery
Many patients experience rapid symptom improvement
Activity is gradually resumed over several days
Follow-up visits and imaging will be scheduled to monitor valve function
Recovery is generally faster and less intensive than with open-heart surgery.
Benefits of TAVR
TAVR offers several key advantages:
Minimally invasive alternative to open-heart surgery
Shorter hospital stay and faster recovery
Significant improvement in symptoms and quality of life
Immediate restoration of valve function
Suitable for patients who may not be candidates for surgery
Risks and Considerations
While TAVR is widely performed and generally safe, potential risks include:
Bleeding or vascular complications at the access site
Heart rhythm disturbances (may require a pacemaker)
Stroke (rare)
Valve leakage (paravalvular regurgitation)
Infection (rare)
Kidney effects from contrast dye
Your cardiology team will carefully evaluate your condition and discuss your individual risk profile.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does a TAVR valve last?
TAVR valves are designed to be durable and can last many years. Long-term outcomes continue to be studied, and your physician will monitor valve performance over time.
Will I be awake during the procedure?
Some patients receive moderate sedation, while others may have general anesthesia. Your care team will determine the best approach for you.
How soon will I feel better?
Many patients notice improvement in symptoms such as shortness of breath and fatigue within days to weeks after the procedure.
Will I need a pacemaker afterward?
In some cases, patients may require a pacemaker due to changes in heart rhythm after TAVR. Your physician will monitor for this.
Can I return to normal activities?
Yes, most patients return to normal activities relatively quickly compared to surgical recovery, though timing varies by individual.
Is TAVR better than surgery?
TAVR and surgical valve replacement are both effective treatments. The best option depends on your overall health, anatomy, and specific condition.
When to Consider TAVR
You may be a candidate for TAVR if you have:
Severe aortic valve stenosis
Symptoms such as chest pain, fatigue, or fainting
Reduced ability to perform daily activities
Increased risk for traditional open-heart surgery
Early evaluation is important, as timely treatment can prevent complications and improve outcomes.
Schedule a Consultation
If you have been diagnosed with aortic valve stenosis or are experiencing symptoms such as shortness of breath or chest discomfort, TAVR may be an effective, minimally invasive treatment option.
The team at Cedars Heart Clinic provides advanced structural heart care with a focus on precision, safety, and personalized treatment planning. Contact our office to schedule a consultation and learn whether Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement is right for you.
